Starting a garden can be a rewarding experience, especially for beginners who choose the right plants. Perennials are a great option because they come back year after year, reducing the need for replanting.
What are the best perennials for beginners?
This article guides new gardeners in selecting easy-to-grow perennial flowers that require minimal maintenance, ensuring a beautiful garden with less effort.
#1 – Black-Eyed Susan
A popular option for novice gardeners is the black-eyed Susan. You can identify it by its dark brown or black cores and vivid golden-yellow petals. This bloom gives any garden a cheery touch.
Although black-eyed Susans are perennials, they are frequently regarded as annuals in certain areas. Usually, they grow in USDA Hardiness Zones 3 through 9.
These plants can grow up to four feet tall. When they bloom, they provide color that lasts all summer long.
In full sun, black-eyed Susans flourish. Once grown, they are highly drought-tolerant and prefer well-draining soil.
Plant them from seeds in the spring after the last frost or in early fall. The seeds need light to germinate, so scatter them on the soil surface without covering them.
Deadheading, or removing spent flowers, encourages more blooms. When the plant is one foot tall, pinch off about five or six inches of growth for a bushier plant.
Additionally, dividing the roots every three to five years helps maintain healthy growth.
Numerous varieties of Black-eyed Susans exist, including those with yellow, mahogany, orange, and red petals. Some even have quill-like or double blossoms.
#2 – Coneflower
Coneflowers, or Echinacea, are an excellent choice for new gardeners. These hardy perennials are members of the daisy family and are native to North America. They can be grown in a variety of climates because they do well in USDA zones 4 through 9.
These plants are well-known for their massive, vibrant flowers, which may grow up to 24 inches tall. Though they also appear in other hues, their pink, electric-petaled kind is their most well-known. Coneflowers are drought-resistant and require little maintenance, but they are gorgeous.
Space the plants 1 to 3 feet apart and loosen the soil at least 12 inches deep. Ensure the root ball is level with the soil surface and water thoroughly. Adding a layer of compost and mulch can help maintain moisture and prevent weeds.
Coneflowers attract pollinators, such as bees and butterflies, making them beneficial for the ecosystem. Their ability to grow in different environments and low-maintenance nature makes them perfect for novice gardeners.
These plants will add beauty and life to any garden and are an excellent start for anyone new to gardening.
#3 – Daylily
Daylilies are very easy to grow and require little maintenance, making them a perfect option for beginners in the garden. Their blooms are vivid and lively, adding vibrancy and beauty to gardens.
These perennials can withstand little shade, but they prefer full sun. They can tolerate various soil types, including clay and sandy soils, and grow best in well-drained soil.
Once established, daylilies can withstand droughts, which lessens the need for frequent watering. Because of this, they’re perfect for low-maintenance gardening.
Each flower only lasts a single day when it blooms in the summer. But several buds on every stalk guarantee weeks of uninterrupted flowers. Any garden is enhanced with long-lasting color by this prolonged flowering time.
Daylilies also resist most pests and diseases, contributing to their reputation as easy-to-grow plants. Regular dividing every few years helps maintain their vigor and promotes healthy growth.
These plants grow well in USDA hardiness zones 3-9, making them versatile across various climates. Due to their lush foliage and colorful flowers, they can also be used as border plants, in mass plantings, or even as ground cover.
#4 – Hosta
Hostas are a top choice for beginner gardeners. Known for their lush foliage, these plants thrive in shaded or partially shaded areas. Hostas come back every year, making them a reliable perennial for any garden.
These plants do well in loose, well-drained soil with a slightly acidic pH. Space hostas about 12 to 24 inches apart to allow room for growth. Applying mulch around the plants helps retain moisture.
Water hostas regularly, especially when newly planted, to ensure they stay moist. Avoid letting the soil get too dry, as hosts prefer consistently moist environments. A layer of mulch helps with this.
Hostas stay healthy when divided every several years. It’s time to divide when the center looks yellowed or sparse. This gives the plant new life and produces more plants for growing in the garden.
This low-maintenance plant also looks fantastic in pots, making it adaptable to various garden configurations. Because they thrive in the shade and don’t need much sunlight, hostas are a great choice for places with little sunlight.
You can give them a head start on the growing season by applying slow-release fertilizer in the spring. In your yard, hostas are ideal for bringing a splash of color to shaded areas.
5) Sedum
Stonecrop, or sedum, is a great choice for first-time gardeners. This perennial is renowned for being low-maintenance and hardy. It is suitable for many garden locations and comes in a range of sizes and shapes.
Sedums are ideal for gardens with dry soil because they can withstand droughts. Once established, they require very little watering. Since they do best in well-drained soil, many sedum species are perfect for rock gardens.
The “Purple Emperor,” “Carl,” and “Herbstfreude” are a few common varieties. Each has distinctive hues and textures that can enhance any garden’s aesthetic appeal.
Sedum can be used as a border plant or as a ground cover. Creeping species remain closer to the ground, whereas tall forms can reach up to two feet.
The planting process is simple. Choose a sunny spot with well-draining soil. If the soil is heavy, add some sand or grit.
6) Peony
Peonies are a great choice for beginner gardeners due to their low maintenance and stunning blooms. They thrive best in full sun or partial shade. Choosing a spot that gets at least 6 hours of direct sunlight daily is crucial.
Peonies grow well in rich, loamy, and well-drained soil. They don’t tolerate soggy soil. Regular watering is essential, especially for newly planted peonies. Established plants need to be watered deeply every 10-14 days. New plants should be watered more frequently every 5-7 days.
Peonies that receive fertilization tend to grow stronger and produce better flowers. Use a fertilizer with a greater potassium and phosphorus content, such as one with an NPK ratio of 10-20-20 or 5-10-10. Apply it when the shoots are a few inches high.
Numerous species and subspecies of peonies exist, many indigenous to Asia, Europe, and North America. Their blooms in late spring or early summer give garden beds and borders a lovely decorative touch. The herbaceous peony and the tree peony are two popular types for novices.
For more detailed information on growing peonies, you can visit a guide on how to grow peonies.
7) Bleeding Heart
The distinctive heart-shaped flowers of the Bleeding Heart perennial make it a favorite in the shade. It has arcing stems with white, pink, or red flower hearts hanging from them. Many gardeners prefer this plant because of its low maintenance requirements and the charming touch it brings to gardens.
The ideal growing conditions for bleeding hearts are shaded spots with well-draining soil. They can reach a height of three feet and prefer colder regions. Watering them frequently keeps them healthy, especially in dry spells. Once planted, they likewise require little care—only the odd watering during very dry spells.
Dividing the plant every 2-5 years helps keep it healthy. This should be done in early spring or fall. When transplanting, ensure the roots are pointing down, and the eyes are about an inch below the soil level.
Check the soil for moisture during dry spells to keep the plants hydrated. They benefit from spring rains but may need extra water during particularly dry weather. By following these simple guidelines, gardeners can enjoy the beauty of Bleeding Heart flowers in their gardens.
8) Coral Bells
Coral Bells, also known as Heuchera, are prized for their vibrant foliage and versatility. These perennials come in various colors, from deep purples to bright greens.
They thrive in a wide range of lighting conditions, from full sun to shade, making them suitable for many garden setups.
Planting Coral Bells is straightforward. Use well-drained soil to prevent root rot. They prefer USDA zones 4-8, making them adaptable to different climates.
In early spring, plant Coral Bells for optimal growth. Space them about 1-2 feet apart for proper air circulation.
Additionally, coral heels thrive in containers. Use a potting mix that drains easily, and make sure the container has adequate drainage. Keep the root crown just above the soil to keep it from decaying.
Water them frequently to maintain coral bells’ health, but don’t overwater them. Cut off dead or unkempt foliage in the spring to promote new growth.
If Coral Heels start to go woody, they can be separated for more visual appeal. This is an easy method of growing new plants while preserving their beauty.
Also, coral heels look great compared to plants that like the shadow, such as geraniums and astilbe. They are, therefore, a flexible option for mixed plantings.
For more details on growing Coral Heels, visit Gardener’s Path.
9) Shasta Daisy
Shasta Daisy offers bright white petals surrounding a yellow center. They can grow up to 4 feet tall and spread up to 2 feet. These daisies thrive in full sunlight, making them perfect for many gardens.
They are hybrids, not naturally occurring. Luther Burbank created these flowers through multiple cross-pollination experiments in the 1890s. The name Shasta comes from Mount Shasta in Northern California.
Shasta daisies are very easy to grow. Seeds can be started indoors six to ten weeks before the last frost. Since the seeds require light to sprout, gently press them into damp soil without totally covering them. Another option is to sow seeds directly in the garden.
Shasta daisies are also simple to divide and propagate. This technique promotes more vigorous development and revitalizes older plants. For optimal results, divide the plants in the early spring or fall.
Once established, little maintenance is required. As long as the soil drains properly, they can tolerate a variety of soil types and are drought-tolerant. For healthy blooms, keep the soil consistently moist throughout the growth season.
These perennials attract beneficial insects to the garden, enhancing biodiversity. Their large, beautiful flowers make them great for cut arrangements, adding a fresh look indoors.
10) Russian Sage
A hardy perennial, Russian sage stands out by its vivid blue blooms and silver-gray stalks. It is low care and grows well in hot, dry climates, making it ideal for newbies.
Plant Russian sage in soil that drains well and is full of light. It can withstand temperatures ranging from -30°F to above 95°F.
Use minimal water, letting the soil dry up in between applications. Mulch applied around the base keeps moisture in the soil and weeds at bay.
Making the best appearance requires pruning. In early spring, just before new growth appears, trim the old growth to a height of about 6 inches from the ground. This promotes a larger plant and more blooms.
With its resilience and vibrant color, Russian Sage can add a beautiful touch to any garden.
11) Astilbe
Astilbe is a great choice for beginner gardeners. It adds color and texture to shaded areas in the garden. These perennials produce plume-like flowers in shades of pink, purple, and white.
Astilbe thrives in USDA growing zones 3 to 9. They adapt well to different soil conditions if the drainage is good. They prefer rich, moist soil that doesn’t dry out.
Additionally, astilbe can be planted in containers. Use a potting mix that drains well, and make sure the container has drainage holes. Add leaves or straw to the soil to help retain moisture and inhibit the growth of weeds.
Trim the leaves in the fall to about three inches above the ground. This helps prepare the plant for hibernation. As it requires little upkeep, astilbe is perfect for novices.
These plants need phosphorus to bloom successfully. In the spring, fertilize when the soil is damp with a 5-10-5 or 10-10-10 blend. This promotes robust development and colorful blooms.
Astilbe is aesthetically pleasing and advantageous for the surrounding fauna, as it draws in hummingbirds and butterflies. They go nicely with ferns and other shade-loving plants like hostas.
12) Lavender
Lavender is a fragrant and popular perennial plant known for its beautiful purple flowers. It is easy to grow and great for beginners. Lavender prefers well-draining soil and full sun. Plant it in the spring after the risk of frost has passed.
Lavandin and English lavender are two of the many types of lavender. English lavender grows well in USDA zones 5 through 10, as it is hardy and tolerant to cold weather. Lavandin is a hybrid plant that can withstand both heat and cold.
As lavender plants mature, space them 12 to 18 inches apart to promote optimum air circulation and avoid overcrowding. Properly water newly planted lavender to aid in the settling of the roots. Pruning the plant regularly encourages new development and helps keep it in shape.
Lavender usually blooms from mid to late summer, giving any garden a burst of color and a soothing aroma. Its erect flower spikes and gray-green leaves look great in garden beds and borders.
13) Coreopsis
Tickseed, or Coreopsis, is a favored plant for new gardeners. These plants are well-known for their cheery, vibrant blooms, which appear from spring through fall.
Coreopsis is a low-maintenance alternative because it can withstand drought and grows well in sunny environments. For optimal results, plant Coreopsis in well-drained soil.
Trim the plant back in early spring to around 4-6 inches above the ground for better flowers. This facilitates a second blossoming and fresh growth.
Sterntaler is a standout variety among the numerous others. It has golden flowers with reddish-brown centers. Hardy in Zones 4 through 9, this cultivar flowers from early summer to early fall.
14) Phlox
Phlox is a versatile and colorful perennial that many gardeners love. It offers a range of species, from creeping varieties to tall garden types. Moss Phlox (Phlox subulata) forms a dense mat perfect for rock gardens and slopes.
Phlox paniculata, sometimes known as garden phlox, can reach heights of three to five feet. In mid-to-late summer, it blooms and produces clusters. The blooms are a beautiful addition to any garden since they are fragrant and attract butterflies.
Phlox should be planted in sunny areas with well-drained soil. They are very hardy and can withstand a variety of soil conditions. Water phlox frequently, but watch out for the soil to not get overly soggy.
Try planting various species for continual flowering. For instance, garden phlox blooms till late summer, but moss phlox blooms in the early spring. In this manner, the flowers will last longer for you to enjoy.
Phlox also makes a great cut flower. It fits perfectly in sunny beds, borders, and cottage gardens. To learn more about planting and growing garden phlox, visit Gardener’s Path.
15) Yarrow
Yarrow is a great choice for beginner gardeners looking for a low-maintenance plant. It thrives in sunny spots with well-draining soil. Once established, yarrow can tolerate drought conditions, making it ideal for many regions. For more details, visit How to Grow and Care for Yarrow.
Make sure the soil drains properly and plant the yarrow in a sunny spot. If you are planting more than one, give them 18 inches apart to give them room to flourish.
Before planting, dig a hole twice as wide as the plant’s container. Carefully loosen the roots before inserting the plant into the hole. After planting, gently press the soil back into the hole to remove any air pockets. Give the new plant plenty of water.
Yarrow is resilient to many weather extremes, including heat and cold. During its summer bloom, it produces clusters of small, colorful flowers that can give any garden a splash of color.
For best results, consider adding compost to the soil when planting to provide extra nutrients. During growth, fertilize with a high-nitrogen fertilizer according to package instructions.
16) Aster
Aster flowers are hardy, easy-to-grow perennials. Because they are available in an assortment of sizes and shapes, they go well with a range of landscape types.
Sunny or slightly shaded spots are ideal for them. While many other flowers are dying, aster species bloom from late summer into fall, creating a vibrant show.
Dig a hole 8 to 10 inches down to begin producing asters. Loosening the soil facilitates greater root implantation. Get rid of big pebbles and other trash to avoid growth stunting.
The Aster alpinus, with its white, pink, and blue flowers, and the A are common varieties. amellus, noted for its huge violet blooms. Both are resilient and simple to grow.
Plant asters in well-draining soil. When transplanting seedlings, keep them at the same depth they were planted in their starter cells. Water them weekly, especially if there’s no rain, to help them settle in.
For propagation, divide asters in early spring. Loosen the soil around the plant, lift it, and gently separate the shoots. This method helps maintain plant health and encourages new growth.
Asters can enhance any garden with their vibrant colors and long-lasting blooms. Their ease of care makes them an excellent choice for beginners.
17) Bee Balm
Bee balm, also known as Monarda, is a perennial herb in the mint family. It is favored for its vibrant flowers, which range in color from pink to purple, red, and white.
This plant thrives in full sun but can tolerate partial shade. It prefers moist, well-draining soil, and ensuring the soil has a neutral pH level will help it grow better.
Bee balm is ideal for pollinator gardens because its blossoms attract bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds. It can be planted in garden beds to provide color and scent and grows to a height of 8 to 48 inches.
Dig a hole twice as wide as the nursery container and plant the bee balm in the center of the hole. Keep the soil uniformly moist during the first growth season while the plant establishes itself. Space the plants 18 to 24 inches apart to provide enough air circulation.
Because bee balm is prone to powdery mildew, it’s advisable to water the plant’s base rather than its leaves. Having adequate airflow can also assist in avoiding this problem.
In addition to its ornamental uses, bee balm leaves and flowers can be made into a tea or a bright red jelly. This makes bee balm not only decorative but also useful in the kitchen.
Understanding Perennials
Perennials are plants that live for over two years, returning each season with new growth. They offer many benefits and have unique growth cycles.
What Are Perennials?
Perennials are plants that can live for several years. Unlike annuals that complete their life cycle in one year, perennials come back every spring with new growth. They can be herbaceous, dying back to the soil during winter, or woody, like shrubs and trees.
Different types of perennials thrive in various light and soil conditions. Some prefer full sun, while others do well in shade. Perennials can take many forms, including flowers, ground covers, and ornamental grasses.
Benefits of Growing Perennials
Perennials offer several advantages for gardeners. One of the main benefits is their longevity. Since they come back yearly, they require less planting effort than annuals.
They also provide consistent structure and color to gardens, reducing the need for frequent redesign. Many perennials attract pollinators like bees and butterflies, which helps with the garden’s overall health.
Perennials are also more drought-resistant and hardy, making them ideal for low-maintenance gardening. Their deep root systems help improve soil structure and reduce erosion.
Perennial Growth Cycles
Perennials follow a specific growth cycle throughout the year. In spring, new shoots emerge from the ground or stems. They grow and bloom during the summer, displaying their full beauty.
In the fall, many perennials prepare for dormancy. Leaves may die back, and the plant stores energy in its roots. During winter, perennials rest, surviving through the cold months.
Understanding this cycle helps gardeners plan maintenance and care. Properly timing pruning and fertilizing ensures healthy growth and abundant blooms. Certain perennials may need division every few years to maintain vigor.
Soil and Watering Requirements
Different perennials have specific soil preferences and unique watering needs. Understanding these aspects can help gardeners ensure their plants thrive and remain healthy throughout the year.
Best Soil Types for Perennials
Perennials generally need well-drained soil to prevent root rot and other water-related issues. Sandy loam is ideal because it offers excellent drainage while retaining enough plant moisture. Overly heavy clay soil should be amended with organic matter to improve its structure and drainage.
Adding compost improves soil fertility, providing the necessary nutrients for perennials. It also enhances soil moisture retention without causing waterlogging. Regularly testing the soil pH ensures it remains slightly acidic to neutral, typically between 6.0 and 7.0, which is suitable for most perennials.
Watering Insights and Tips
Perennials need consistent watering, especially during their first year of establishing roots. Deep watering encourages strong root systems.
- Watering frequency depends on the plant type and local climate. Most perennials prefer 1 inch of water per week from rainfall or supplemental watering.
- Using mulch around perennials helps retain soil moisture and reduce water evaporation.
- Drip irrigation systems or soaker hoses deliver water directly to the roots, minimizing waste and preventing fungal diseases.
- Avoid overhead watering, which can lead to mildew and other foliage diseases.
- Monitoring soil moisture consistently ensures perennials get the right amount of water without overwatering.
Planting and Maintenance
Focusing on the right location and proper fertilizing and mulching are essential for easy-to-grow perennials. These factors will ensure healthy growth and vibrant blooms year after year.
Choosing the Right Location
Choosing the right location is crucial for perennials’ success. Most perennials, like Rudbeckia and Coneflowers, thrive in full sun.
- Ensure they receive at least six hours of sunlight each day. Proper sunlight helps the plants produce more flowers and maintain stronger growth.
- Soil quality matters, too. Most perennials prefer well-drained soil. Too much water retention can cause root rot.
- Adding organic matter such as compost improves soil structure and drainage.
- Consider the mature size of the plant when spacing them. Adequate space allows air circulation, preventing diseases.
- Tall plants should be placed at the back of the garden bed to avoid shading shorter plants.
Fertilizing and Mulching
- Use a balanced fertilizer to support perennial growth. Fertilize in early spring when new growth starts.
- Slow-release fertilizers provide a steady supply of nutrients throughout the growing season.
- Over-fertilizing can cause excessive foliage with fewer blooms, so follow the recommended application rates.
- Mulching is another key maintenance step.
- Apply a 2-3 inch layer of mulch around the base of the plants. Mulching conserves moisture, suppresses weeds, and regulates soil temperature.
- Organic mulches like straw, bark chips, or shredded leaves decompose over time, adding nutrients to the soil.
- Ensure the mulch is not piled against the plant stems. This prevents rot and allows better water penetration.
- Replenish mulch annually to maintain its effectiveness.
- Proper fertilization and mulching keep perennials healthy and blooming year after year.
Frequently Asked Questions
This section addresses common questions about easy-to-grow perennials, highlighting ideal choices for beginners, low-maintenance options, and hardy plants that thrive in various conditions.
What are some perennial plants that are well-suited for those new to gardening?
- Black-eyed Susans are great for beginners and are known for their resilience and bright, daisy-like blooms.
- Coneflowers are another excellent option, offering long-lasting flowers and minimal care requirements.
- Daylilies are also popular due to their stunning, fragrant blooms and adaptability.
Which low-maintenance perennial plants can thrive in full sun conditions?
- Rudbeckia, commonly known as Black-eyed Susans, thrive in full sun and well-drained soil.
- Coneflowers also prefer full sun and can handle dry conditions.
- Sedum is another sun-loving plant that requires little water and care once established.
Can you list perennial shrubs that require minimal upkeep?
- Flowering shrubs like Hydrangeas and Butterfly Bushes are low-maintenance.
- Hydrangeas offer beautiful blooms with minimal pruning, while Butterfly Bushes attract pollinators and need little attention.
- Both can add height and color to a garden effortlessly.
What options are available for perennial flowers that bloom throughout the summer?
- Daylilies are known for their long blooming period from late spring to late summer. Some varieties even rebloom in the fall.
- Some Coneflowers also provide summer-long color with continuous flowering, making them a staple in many gardens.
Which perennial flowers are known for being exceptionally durable and hardy?
- Hostas are renowned for their hardiness, especially in shaded areas.
- Sedum, particularly the “Autumn Joy” variety, is another hardy choice that thrives in hot, dry conditions.
- Black-eyed Susans are also durable, withstanding various climates and soil types.
How can a beginner gardener get started with low-maintenance perennial gardening?
- Start with small, manageable spaces. Choose hardy, drought-tolerant perennials. Prepare the soil by adding compost to improve fertility and drainage.
- Regular watering and mulching can help establish plants. Over time, perennials will return yearly with minimal upkeep, making gardening easier for beginners.
